The Institute of Mathematics of National Academy of Sciences of Armenia originated as the Section for Mathematics and Mechanics, created within the newly formed Armenian Academy of Sciences in 1944. The section later developed into an Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of Armenian Academy of Sciences whose first Director was Academician Artashes Shahinian, known for his results in complex analysis.
The Institute of Mathematics of Armenian Academy of Sciences separated from latter Institute in 1971. The bearers of the office of the Director of Institute have been Academician Mkhitar Djrbashian (1971-1989, 1989-1994 Honorary Director), Academician Norair Arakelian (1989-1991, 1997-2006), Academician Alexandr Talalyan (1991-1997), Prof. Bagrat Batikyan (2006-2010). The Academicians Sergey Mergelyan, Raphayel Alexandrian, Ruben Ambartsumian and Anry Nersesyan also have greatly influence the formation of the scientific profile of the Institute.
In the early years the investigations carried out in the Institute concentrated on Function Theory. Gradually the sphere of investigations expanded and now includes Differential and Integral Equations, Functional Analysis, Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics.
At present the Institute has about 25 main researchers as well as a number of associate researchers from Yerevan State University.